Secondary prevention?

• A. All of the above
• B. Slowing disease progression, preventing complications, and limiting disability
• C. Preventing a second cancer from occurring
• D. Requiring a second intervention to prevent the disease

Answer: (B)

Secondary prevention is about reducing the impact of a disease after it has started by detecting it early and intervening to slow its progression and prevent complications that could lead to disability. The option describing slowing disease progression, preventing complications, and limiting disability fits this aim precisely, since each of these outcomes reflects reducing the burden once cancer exists through timely detection and appropriate management.

Preventing a second cancer from occurring focuses on new cancers rather than the course of an existing one, and requiring a second intervention to prevent the disease isn’t a definition of secondary prevention. All of the above would only be correct if all components aligned with secondary prevention, which these do not.