Which statement accurately describes NOTES?

• A. It is Needed Opening Transluminal Endoscopic Surveillance.
• B. It is Natural Opening Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery.
• C. It is Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery.
• D. It is Natural Orifice Transluminal Excisional Surgery.

Answer: (C)

Notes stands for Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery. This describes performing surgical procedures with an endoscope inserted through a natural body opening—such as the mouth, vagina, or rectum—and then passing through the wall of that organ (transluminal) to access the inside of the abdomen, all without external abdominal incisions. Using “Orifice” rather than “Opening” mirrors the standard medical terminology, and the phrase refers to surgery, not just surveillance or a specific excisional step. This approach aims to reduce invasiveness and hasten recovery by avoiding external incisions.